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On the list of nations most impacted by climate change in 2015, India comes in at number four. India emits less greenhouse gases than the rest of the world combined, yearly averaging only 2.5 tonnes per person, or 3 gigatonnes (Gt) CO2eq. Despite having 17% of the world's population, the nation only contributes 7% of global emissions. Raising temperatures on the Tibetan Plateau are forcing the Himalayan glaciers to retreat, endangering the flow of major rivers such as the Yamuna, Brahmaputra, and Ganges. The Indus River may dry up for the same reason, according to a 2007 World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) report.
Climate change is causing an increase in the frequency and intensity of heat waves in India. It is anticipated that states like Assam will see an increase in the frequency of severe landslides and floods. India's climate change performance index is ranked eighth out of 63 countries that will produce 92% of the world's greenhouse gas emissions in 2021.
Temperatures in India have risen by 0.7 °C (1.3 °F) between 1901 and 2018. By the end of this century, there will have been a noticeable increase in both the frequency and intensity of droughts in India, according to some current projections.
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There is an impact of climate change on resource availability, especially water. The health and standard of living of humans are being negatively impacted by changes in the biosphere, biodiversity, and natural resources. Climate change affects agriculture in many ways, including changes in temperature, rainfall patterns, pest and disease outbreaks, and soil properties. The industrial sector, mean sea level, settlement, and society are all impacted by this. India's temperature will likewise start to fluctuate more seasonally, warming more in the winter than in the summer. With rising nighttime temperatures and rising daytime temperatures in recent years, India has experienced longer heat waves, and this trend is anticipated to continue.
With a doubling of CO2 concentrations, an average temperature change of 2.33 °C to 4.78 °C is anticipated. Increased unpredictability in summer monsoon precipitation due to these heat waves will have a significant impact on India's agriculture industry. Climate models indicate that global temperatures and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations will gradually rise. However, these models are not very good at forecasting changes in the local weather in the future. When plant diseases are managed, a region's rain, temperature, sunshine, wind, and cropping systems can work together to optimise food production in conjunction with locally appropriate plant varieties, cropping practices, and soil characteristics.
Source- Research trends in Agriculture.
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