Climate change significantly affects flower production, especially in open fields found across India's diverse agro-climatic regions. The variability in weather patterns, characterized by extreme heat, cold spells, and unpredictable rainfall accompanied by severe storms, poses a significant threat to the cultivation of flowers, thereby impacting the natural ecosystems where various native species thrive. Moreover, the occurrence of unseasonal monsoons and abrupt seasonal shifts further complicates the situation, disrupting the delicate balance needed for proper flower growth by either depriving certain regions of essential rainfall or subjecting them to extremes such as droughts or floods.
As climate change continues to unfold, it brings about a host of additional challenges for flower production, manifesting in the form of new diseases, increased pest infestations, and the evolution of pathogen resistance that collectively contribute to diminishing yields and a decline in the overall quality of flowers cultivated. Particularly concerning is the impact of prolonged periods of drought, exacerbated by rising temperatures and decreased precipitation levels, which not only leads to reduced flower output but also heightens the risk of petal drop and other significant losses in production.
Furthermore, the adverse effects of climate change extend beyond the immediate challenges faced during flower cultivation in open fields, as the prevalence of soil-borne pathogens, viral infections, nematodes, and pests is magnified, creating a complex web of issues that jeopardize both the quantity and quality of flowers being produced. These interconnected factors underscore the urgent need for adaptive strategies and sustainable practices in floriculture to mitigate the detrimental consequences of climate change on agricultural systems and safeguard the future of flower production.In an effort to strengthen India's floriculture industry, NHM was recently launched as a centrally supported initiative, complementing NHB, APEDA, and NABARD in supporting capacities.
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